• Sheikh Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani, former Emir of Qatar, has died at age 74.
• He ruled from 1995 to 2013, overseeing Qatar's rise as a major global player.
• Hamid's abdication in 2013 was a rare peaceful transfer of power in the Gulf region.
• His governance saw significant developments in media, sports, and international diplomacy.
• Qatar declared four days of national mourning and suspended public sector work in tribute.

Sheikh Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani, who as ruler of Qatar transformed the tiny Gulf nation into a global player in diplomacy, media and investment, has died at age 74, according to SCMP.

Hamid's reign, lasting from 1995 to 2013, ushered in vast economic growth; Qatar's gross domestic product grew over 24-fold during this time, making it a leading exporter of liquefied natural gas (LNG), according to India Times and LA Times.

During his time in power, Sheikh Hamad implemented significant reforms including the introduction of Qatar’s first permanent constitution in 2004 and municipal elections allowing women to vote, according to Le Monde and BBC.

His decision to abdicate power in favor of his son, Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani, was particularly notable as it marked a rare transition among hereditary rulers in the Arab world, intended to adapt governance to changing regional dynamics, according to Channel News Asia.

Following his death, Qatar declared four days of national mourning, and government work was suspended as a tribute onsidered among the builders of modern Qatar, his impact extended to numerous sectors beyond just energy and media, including international diplomacy and a focus on soft power through initiatives such as the Al Jazeera media network, according to Al Jazeera and Al Jazeera.

His leadership was also characterized by substantial investments in infrastructure, healthcare, and education, laying a foundation that would see Qatar host the 2022 FIFA World Cup and thus solidify its global standing, according to Al Jazeera and Al Jazeera.

Funeral prayers were conducted in Doha, attended by family and dignitaries, with Sheikh Hamad laid to rest at Lusail Cemetery following a simple Islamic burial ceremony, reflecting the somber occasion across the nation, as noted by Al Jazeera.