• Over 400 killed in latest RSF assaults on refugee camps in Darfur.
• RSF commander announces establishment of a rival government amid ongoing civil war.
• UN reports significant humanitarian crisis with millions in need of aid.
• Efforts for peace talks convened in London, excluding main conflict parties.
• Half of Sudan's population facing extreme hunger and displacement.

More than 400 people have died in recent assaults by the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF) in Sudan's Darfur region, with the United Nations citing "credible sources" for these figures. The RSF launched attacks on refugee camps around El-Fasher, marking a significant escalation in violence in what is already described as the world's worst humanitarian crisis, forcing millions from their homes, according to BBC.

In conjunction with the escalating violence, on the anniversary of the conflict, the RSF's commander, Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo, announced the establishment of an alternative government called the "Government of Peace and Unity." This government intends to exert control over areas, particularly in the western Darfur region, where recent violence has resulted in substantial casualties. The declaration coincided with reports of atrocities including mass killings and sexual violence, according to the UN and international rights groups, as reported by Africa News.

The ongoing conflict has already claimed at least 24,000 lives, with approximately 13 million people displaced and a significant portion of the population facing famine. Humanitarian agencies, including UNICEF, have described the situation as deeply alarming, highlighting that the needs of the population remain massive and far from being met. As recent military actions have intensified, civilians have experienced extreme vulnerability, according to statements from Africa News.

International efforts to address the humanitarian crisis have proceeded with a conference co-hosted by the UK, EU, and African Union aimed at finding a “pathway to peace.” However, neither of the main warring parties—the Sudanese Armed Forces nor the RSF—were included in the discussions. Despite these diplomatic efforts, humanitarian needs continue to spiral, with the World Food Programme reporting that nearly 25 million people—about half of Sudan’s population—are facing extreme hunger, according to BBC.

The humanitarian situation remains dire, particularly in areas like the Zamzam and Abu Shouk camps, which are now inaccessible due to RSF control. Up to 400,000 people have fled these camps in recent days, highlighting the escalating displacement crisis. UN officials continue to express concerns about the humanitarian access and security of civilians in these regions, as noted in reports by Al Jazeera.