Key Takeaways:

• Rwanda-backed M23 rebels captured Bukavu, the second-largest city in eastern Congo, after minimal resistance from government forces.
• The city’s residents experienced chaos, prompting many to flee or hide indoors, while some cheered the rebels.
• This event marks a significant territorial expansion for the M23 amidst ongoing ethnic tensions and a protracted humanitarian crisis.

In a startling turn of events, Rwanda-backed M23 rebels have taken control of Bukavu, the second-largest city in eastern Congo, following a rapid advance that saw little resistance from government troops. On Sunday, M23 militants entered the city after a days-long march from Goma, which they had seized previously. Local residents expressed mixed feelings as some cheered the rebels, while many more remained scared and confined to their homes, fearing the territory's new rulers. According to South China Morning Post, the rebels swiftly positioned themselves at the governor's office in Bukavu, claiming it was time to "clean up" the disarray left by the former regime.

The M23 rebels, who are among over 100 armed groups operating in eastern Congo, received backing from an estimated 4,000 Rwandan troops, raising further concerns about the conflict's potential to escalate regionally. In a statement from Congo's government, authorities acknowledged the occupation of Bukavu, which is home to approximately 1.3 million people. News from BBC indicates that authorities have urged residents to remain indoors to minimize risk as looting and violence erupted.

This latest offensive from the M23 signals a shift in conflict dynamics, reminiscent of their previous temporary hold on Goma in 2012. However, analysts note that this time, the group appears to be pursuing long-term political control rather than a brief territorial gain. The NPR report highlights that the situation in Bukavu is precarious, with the city experiencing widespread displacement and looting, leading to a dire humanitarian situation affecting over 6 million people in the region.

Amidst calls for international intervention and a ceasefire, the uncertainty remains high for the residents of Bukavu. As tensions continue, Congress's President Félix Tshisekedi has warned that the conflict risks expanding further into the region. Meanwhile, local sentiments run high, with many voices criticizing the government's inadequate response to the escalating violence. In a recent statement, a Bukavu citizen lamented, “Is the government waiting for them to take over other towns to take action? It’s cowardice,” as reported by India Times.

For further reading on the ongoing crisis and deteriorating conditions in eastern Congo due to the rebel advances, please refer to Africa News.